abstract
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The wheat aleurone layer functions as a nutrient storage site during seed development and plays an important role in the mobilisation of endosperm reserves during seed germination. Germinating embryos release gibberellins (GAs), which act on aleurone cells to promote the secretion of hydrolytic enzymes. These include α-amylase, which promotes the hydrolysis of starch in the endosperm, and is regulated by transcription factor GAMYB. In the aleurone, GAs promote the degradation of DELLA proteins, and the GA signalling results in the upregulation of GAMYB expression. Although it is known that DELLAs negatively regulates GAMYB activity, the molecular mechanisms underlying this response are currently unclear. Recent studies have demonstrated that DELLAs do not contain a DNA-binding domain and they act as coactivators or corepressors by interacting with other transcription factors that control GA-regulated genes. It was therefore hypothesised that the regulation of GAMYB by DELLA may by indirect, by working in a complex with other transcription factor or factors. The aim of this project is to identify transcription factors that DELLA interacts with in the aleurone cells of wheat and investigate the mechanisms by which they regulate GAMYB activity. Out of all transcription factors identified in the library screen, proteins identified as ethylene response factor 5 (EFR5), indeterminate domain (IDD) and abscisic acid insensitive 5 (ABI5) were chosen for further analysis. The knock out (KO) lines are now being generated and they will be assessed to establish the function of identified interactors in regulating the GA pathway. Another objective of this project assumes generation of the GAMYB-GFP reporter line to monitor the expression patterns and fate of GAMYB protein in response to GA, as there is evidence that GAMYB interacts with another MYB transcription factor in response to GA signalling, before being co-transported into the nucleus to regulate expression of hydrolase genes. The line will also be used to evaluate if it can rescue the phenotype of the gamyb mutant. Taken together, the results from this work will broaden our understanding of the events taking place in response to GA signalling in the aleurone of wheat. This fundamental knowledge can be later applied to help tackling some of the issues related to wheat seed germination.