CHARACTERIZATION OF WILD WHEAT RELATIVES INTROGRESSIVE FORMS Abstract uri icon

abstract

  • To create stress-resistant, productive and quality wheat varieties, the genetic diversity of wild and cultured relatives is often used - various species belonging to the genera Triticum and Aegilops. Previously, with Triticum militinae, Triticum timopheevii, Triticum kiharae, Aegilops cylindrical and Aegilops triaristata samples participation, introgressive winter common wheat forms were created and selected for stability and yield. Thus, the introgressive forms studied were mainly related to the "valuable" and "filler" classes according to the technological bakery type evaluation, to the "weak" class according to the flour strength and bread volume, and to the "strong" class at the glutenin HMW composition forecast and the translocation of 1B/1R. With new biological technologies introduction, in breeding process there are important targeted search of genes for specific traits, including wild relatives germplasm and created intermediate wheat-alien hybrids (WAH). Among the genotypes studied, against the background of a strong yellow rust development, stable samples were isolated. Bezostaya 1 x Ae.cylindrica, (Bezostaya 1 x T.militinae) x T.militinae-6; (Bezostaya 1 x T.militinae) x T.militinae-9; (Bezostaya 1 x T.militinae) x T.militinae-4; Zhetysu x T.timopheevi; Zhetysu x T.militinae; Bezostaya 1 x Ae.cylindrica and Erythrospermum 350 x T.kiharae. Genotypes Erythrospermum 350 x T.kiharae (5.8-7.5 t/ha), Zhetysu x T.timopheevii (4.96.1 t/ha) and Zhetysu x T.militinae (4.8-6.1 t/ha) were characterized by consistently high yields for long-term results, including on an infectious background: Erythrospermum 350 x T.militinae, Bezostaya 1 x Ae.cylindrica and (Bezostaya 1 x T.militinae) x T.militinae-9. Disease-resistant forms are an indispensable element of organic farming, in this regard the use of isolated wheat-alien winter wheat forms is an actual prospect in the new varieties breeding. The genotypes 6628 x T.militinae and 6569 x T.militinae-1 show horizontal resistance to three types of rust and are characterized by a presumptive chromosome translocation (TIRS.1BL; 2B (2G) or T2B-2G and for 6569 x T.militinae-2 (TIRS.1BL ; T3GS/3BL) also the genes Lr68 presence in species T.militinae, T.timopheevi, T.kiharae. By content of macro- and microelements, introgressive wheat forms occupy an intermediate position between wild relatives and modern varieties. Transitional forms with the level of mineral composition typical for wild forms (Zhetisu x T.militinae; Zhetisu x T.kiharae; Bezostaya 1 x Ae.cylindrica) have been identified. Sources of high content of elements have been revealed: wild relatives and introgressive forms, some of which are donors.

publication date

  • July 2019