REVISITING THE VALUE OF EARLY FUNGICIDE IN WHEAT Abstract uri icon

abstract

  • Fungicides are the go-to method in controlling diseases, but unnecessary fungicide use will contribute to its resistance. To manage foliar diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum), some growers apply a sub-lethal rate of fungicide tank-mixed with herbicide at early growth stages. Growers consider this a convenient, low-cost practice, but previous studies have found that it does not produce significant yield or economic benefits as it fails to protect new emerging leaves. Overtime, this practice can accelerate fungicide resistance and make current fungicide tools less effective. In 2018, field research trials were conducted at four locations throughout Alberta (Barrhead, Bon Accord, Lethbridge, Red Deer). There were 13 treatments that examined the yield and quality benefits of: fungicide rates; application timings (single, dual and triple); and various fungicide modes of action. The treatments were applied to two Canadian Western Red Spring wheat cultivars, AAC Brandon and AAC Viewfield, which have different genetic resistance to leaf diseases (leaf rust, (Puccinia triticina), stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici), loose smut (Ustilago tritici) and common bunt (Tilletia laevis, Tilletia tritici, Tritici foetida) ) and Fusarium head blight (Fusarium graminearum, Fursarium species). In 2018, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) ratings in Barrhead and foliar disease ratings at all locations revealed that there was significant disease protection from the fungicide treatments, but it did not translate into a significant yield response. Sites were impacted by growing season conditions in 2018 and generally low disease levels, even under irrigation. All sites had significant differences in McFadden disease ratings between fungicide treatments and the untreated control. As expected, treatments with dual or triple applications had lower disease levels compared with the control. Additionally, the disease analysis software, Assess 2.0, found a significant difference (p < 0.05) between flag leaf disease levels in the cultivars. AAC Brandon had almost double the disease levels compared with AAC Viewfield. This was only true, however, for the Lethbridge irrigated, Barrhead and Red Deer sites. In 2019, the project will be repeated to increase grower knowledge about early fungicide use while promoting good stewardship practices.

publication date

  • July 2019