abstract
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This study was conducted to explore the effect of genotype (G) and genotype × environment interaction (GEI) on grain yield of 22 rainfed winter bread wheat genotypes under cold and moderate dryland regions of Iran. Multi-environment trials (MET) were conducted using a randomized complete block design with four replicates at nine locations; Maragheh, Ardabil, Hamadan, Zanjan, Sararood, Qamloo, Orumiyeh, Shirvan, and Arak for three years, 2014-17.The combined analysis of variance showed that GEI was highly significant at 1% probability level, so the GGE biplot method was used to analyze grain yield data. The first two principal components (PC1 and PC2) explained 53.18% of the total GGE variation, with PC1 and PC2 explaining 32.45% and 20.73%,respectively. The first mega-environment included Qamloo, Zanjan, Shirvan, Sararood, Maragheh, with genotype G1 (Baran) being the winner; the second mega environment involved Orumiyeh, Hamadan, and Ardabil, with genotype G22(ERYT783-96/SHARK-1) being the winner. Arak made another mega-environment, withG19 (SARDARIMORPHOTYPE/CAMPION//SOYER) the winner. Mean performance and stability of genotypes indicated that genotypes G5, G16, G12, and G17 were highly stable with high grain yield. Among the nine locations, Qamloo and Ardabil were most discriminating whereas Shirvan least discriminating. Also, Maragheh was most representative while Qamloo and Ardabil least representative.