Two long term field experiments were carried out at the research farm of the ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, India to evaluate the effect of tillage and residue management options in rice-wheat and maizewheat cropping systems productivity. In rice-wheat system experiment, the treatments consisted of three tillage options in rice (Zero tillage transplanted; Dry rotary followed by pounding of water and transplanting; and Wet rotary i.e. puddling using rotary tiller and transplanting) superimposed on which were three tillage options (Zero tillage, Conventional tillage and Rotary tillage) in wheat. In maize-wheat experiment, the treatments were four tillage and residue management options (zero tillage, zero tillage +residue retention, conventional tillage, conventional tillage with residue incorporation) in main plot and sub plots were having four nutrient management options (control, 150 kg/ha nitrogen, recommended N, P2O5 K2Oat 150, 60 and 40 kg/ha, respectively, recommended NPK + 10 t/ha farm yard manure). Results showed that the wheat productivity was not significantly affected by tillage either in rice or in wheat. Over the years, marginally higher wheat yield was recorded in rotary tillage but the differences were not significantly different. However, due to single pass sowing using zero and rotary till drills, saving on tillage cost made these technologies profitable. In case of rice crop, the tillage in wheat had non-significant effect but the tillage in rice especially zero tillage transplanting had an adverse effect on rice productivity. In maize-wheat system, the results revealed that tillage and residue management has no effect on wheat productivity, however nutrient management options had significant effect on wheat productivity and the highest yield was obtained where recommended NPK with 10 t FYM was applied. In maize yield were affected by tillage and residue management treatments. The highest maize yield was recorded in no-till with residue retention. Similarly, nutrient management options showed similar trend as in case of wheat. The residue retention in maize-wheat system also helped in moderating the temperature.