Wheat (Triticum spp) is an important cereal crop in the world including Uganda. Although, the per capita wheat consumption in Uganda is averagely low (7kg), the trends in production from 1960’s to date showed a significant positive stride towards self-sufficiency. In fact, available evidence showed that Uganda is one of the 12 viable production countries in Africa with suitable and competitive wheat production without irrigation. The country is also one of the three within the region with the highest average net economic return per hectare after Burundi and Rwanda. Therefore, in realization of the role wheat sector play in the economy, a number of initiative especially renewed interest to bridge the gap in production has been initiated. Notable amongst are the campaigns to revamp production, partnership with the private sector to increase production, research to generate and disseminate improved varieties with agronomic traits and resistance to the deadly wheat rust disease among others. Also, exploiting marginal land for production and other technology enhancing production systems has been assessed. For instance, under the recently concluded east Africa agricultural productivity enhancement project, a number of new resistant varieties to the deadly wheat rust (U99) has been released and disseminated to the farming communities. Additionally, both human and physical infrastructure including laboratories and cold room for seed storage has been built and refurbished, respectively. Accordingly, the trends registered so far provides an opportunities for increased investment in human and physical infrastructure towards selfsufficiency in wheat production.