Arabinoxylans is the most abundant polysaccharide in the starchy endosperm walls in wheat grain and their consumption has been associated with multiple health benefits. Selection of wheat varieties with higher arabinoxylans content could be an efficient approach to improve the daily consumption of dietary fibers. However, studies on the content of arabinoxylan in domestically grown wheat resources are very poor. In this study, 614 Korean core set of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were established from 1,969 germplasm from about sixty countries of Asia, Europe, America, Africa, Eurasia and Oceania, etc., and the arabinoxylan content was investigated by using whole grains of the core set grown in Korea, Wanju, in 2018. Then genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed with genotyping data used ‘Axiom Wheat Breeder 35K Genotyping Array’ to identify loci associated with arabinoxylan content traits of wheat. The correlation between the genotype and phenotype was performed the model of Blink, and significant 8 SNPs for GWAS results with a threshold P-value of 5 or higher were selected. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the improvement of grain dietary fibers by developing an arabinoxylan content selection marker in a wheat breeding program.