Wheat is one of the most important crops in terms of human calories, the main driver of selection in breeding is yield, especially under favorable environments, and thus currently cultivated wheat varieties lack many of the stress tolerance alleles still present in landraces and wild relatives. This study is to identify and map the main QTLs controlling FCR resistance and root system architecture using association mapping (GWAS) based on worldwide germplasm collections of tetraploid wheat including emmer, landraces and durum cultivars (TCC and GDP collections). Candidate genes for important FCR-resistant genetic loci and develop their functional markers (KASP markers) suitable for marker-assisted selection (MAS). Create FCR-resistant wheat germplasms that could be used as resistance donors in breeding through pyramiding of the beneficial haplotypes at key loci, in both modern durum and bread wheat. Create nitrogen-use efficient wheat germplasms that could be used as donors in breeding through pyramiding of the beneficial haplotypes at key loci. Dissect the molecular and genetic basis of FCR resistance related genes in durum wheat.