Aegilops geniculata Roth (2n=2x=28, UgUgMgMg), a close relative of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), is a valuable genetic resource for improvement of wheat. Ae. geniculate has evolved a wealth of morphological variation and harbored a large number of stress-adaptation genes, such as disease and insect resistance, salt tolerance, cold and heat tolerance, and precocious maturity in the course of long-term evolution. Breeding resistant wheat cultivars is the most environmentally sound measure of disease control in production compared to herbicides and pesticides use. Therefore, Ae. geniculata could be used as an important wild gene source for wheat improvement. In our previous researches, ‘Chinese Spring’ (CS) was used as the female parent that was crossed with Ae. geniculata ‘SY159’ as the male parent. The F1 progeny were backcrossed with CS and repeated selfing to generate the BC1F10 population. In the study, molecular cytological analysis, in situ hybridization, functional molecular markers, development-specific molecular markers based on SLAF-seq, assessment of morphological traits and stress resistance were employed to genetically characterize the alien chromosome 3Mg disomic addition line with excellent endowing traits from BC1F10 population. The alien addition Line with excellent traits was created, screened and identified by using wild related species of wheat, which provide a foundation for genetic research and breeding improvement.