Significant improvement has been made in China in increasing yield potential through reducing plant height and selection of compact plant type as well as fast grain-filling rate, and in breeding for scab resistance. A and D draft genome has been completed, and cloning of Ms2, Fhb1 and Fhb7 as well as development of 660 K SNP array and KASP facility have supported MAS technology. The future challenges include yield improvement without increasing inputs, climate changes and nutritional quality, as well as use of new technology.