abstract
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Plants of winter wheat of four varieties (Odesa 16, Odesa semi-dwarf, Kuyalnik, Generosity) and three experimental lines with high protein genes from Triticum Dicoccoides and Aegilops tauschii were grown in a field experiment on two mineral nutrient backgrounds: N60 and N120 kg/ha of active substance. Starting from the stage of exit into the tube, the 3rd node and earing, then in each stage of grain ripening was determined by the nitrogen content in the leaves and stems before flowering nitrogen and in the ear after flowering. Elements of productivity are also presented: yield and weight of 1000 grains and weight of harvested protein from 1 ha. According to the obtained data, the percentage of nitrogen reutilization from the stage of tube exit to wax ripeness of grain for stems and leaves was calculated. It is shown that in winter wheat plants of new high-intensity varieties (Odesa semi-dwarf, Kuyalnik, Shchedrist) the efficiency of nitrogen utilization from vegetative parts of the shoot to grain is higher than in Odesa 16. But high-intensity varieties yielding much higher yields of protein and weight Odesa 16. Experimental line with high protein genes from Triticum. The Dicoccoides (GPC-B1) line with Aegilops tauschii has a higher reutilization rate, especially on the N120 variant compared to other varieties, although slightly lower in yield than high-intensity varieties, but higher than 1 hectare in harvested protein. Therefore, the use of high protein genes from A. Tauschii and T. Dicoccoides by remote hybridization is a promising area of selection to improve the use of nitrogen fertilizers and increase the protein content in grain.