abstract
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Soft wheat is important materials for producing biscuits, cakes and other baking food, which is characterized by low content of protein and gluten. Too high protein content in wheat grain is a common problem in soft wheat production. In this study, the combined effects of reduced N rate and increased plant density on grain yield and quality were investigated in targeting biscuit-making of soft wheat cultivars. The accumulation and aggregation of PBs in caryopses were significantly declined by reducing N rate in grain filling stage. At maturity, reducing N rate showed a more remarkable reducing effect on grain hardness, content of protein, gluten, SDS. Grain quality for biscuit-making was greatly improved by reducing N, but resulted in lower dry matter accumulation and significant yield loss. Increasing plant density significantly enhanced the dry matter accumulation and partially compensated the yield loss. The reduction of 1 kg N·ha–1 was replaced by increasing app. (2.4-4.0)×104 plants·ha–1 to maintain same yield. Grain quality of soft wheat was further improved by increasing plant density. Thus, the combination of reducing N rate and increasing plant density might be an effective way for coordinating the balance of yield and grain quality in soft wheat.