Management of a transboundary new plant disease outbreak: the case study of wheat blast in Bangladesh Abstract uri icon

abstract

  • Wheat blast became an economically important disease in Bangladesh and threatens wheat production of South Asian countries having similar climatic conditions and beyond. The first intercontinental jump of the pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae pathotype Triticum (MoT) from South America to Asia was reported in 2016, when there was a blast outbreak in Bangladesh most likely caused by the South American lineage of MoT. The first occurrence of wheat blast in Bangladesh and its causal organism identification and confirmation was done by Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute (BWMRI). BWMRI has been working in close collaboration with different national and international research institutes especially CIMMYT in order to combat this disease since its first outbreak. Since then, wheat blast is being reported every year with different magnitude of disease severity. As of 2022 this disease has been reported in 25 Districts of Bangladesh. A Precision Phenotyping Platform (PPP) was established in February 2018 in Jashore, Bangladesh with the aim of evaluating wheat germplasm with improved precision and identification of sources of resistance against the disease. Each year around four thousand germplasm of bread wheat, durum wheat, winter wheat, synthetic wheat and landraces from different countries are being screened. This PPP is serving as a hub for screening wheat germplasm, training and capacity building. Results of multiple year location evaluation reveals that wheat blast resistance is highly influenced by 2NS translocation in modern wheat germplasm. Bangladesh has released two wheat blast resistant varieties (BARI Gom 33 and WMRI Gom 3) so far. BWMRI is producing breeders’ seed of the resistant varieties and supplying them to seed growers to replace the existing susceptible varieties. Apart from the resistant varieties, BWMRI has developed several management practices based on field and laboratory research that have been successful for managing wheat blast effectively in Bangladesh.   

publication date

  • September 2022