sayma.shammi@unisq.edu.au, michael.scobie@unisq.edu.au, justine.baillie@unisq.edu.au, corey.plant@unisq.edu.au

The demand for cereal grains is increasing with population growth and food security concerns. There is an urgent need to adopt sustainable agricultural practices that increase yields. To improve industry productivity, sustainability, and resilience, adopting technological advancements in the grain sector is crucial.

The future of the grain sector depends on transforming the way we farm, equipping grain farmers with the tools and capabilities to adapt, reorganise, and transition in response to various challenges, such as extreme seasonal events like frost and drought, pest incidence, disease risks, and soil moisture management. As Australia is emerging as a leading hub for Agriculture 4.0, the agricultural landscape is being revolutionised by the next generation of transformative technologies, with over 2500 agricultural technology (AgTech) and food technology enterprises across Australia.

However, certain technology adoption barriers exist. Farmers may resist new technologies because of their dependency on familiar methods that have proven effective, leading to reluctance to invest in new or unfamiliar solutions.

This survey aims to identify scope-ready products for remote sensing that offer leading-edge developments in digital agriculture and automation at a commercial "Smart Farm" scale. We developed a novel taxonomy to categorise the five major crop management practices in grain farming. We searched four electronic databases to identify existing scope-ready commercial AgTech products.

A search strategy was developed to ensure all the relevant commercial products and services are relevant to the crop management practices. In this survey, relevant products were profiled based on the proposed taxonomy to provide tangible solutions that improve yields and ensure the long-term sustainability and resilience of current farming practices. We discussed the techniques used in the crop management categories, i.e., data acquisition, data transmission, data storage, data analysis, and decision-making.

We also summarised the current challenges and discussed the opportunities to integrate and assess the practical and commercial feasibility of various technologies in large-scale cropping systems.

This survey identifies the breadth of commercially available technologies applicable in the grains industry and analyses the gap to identify areas not currently serviced.